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American patriotic song written by Julia Ward Howe

"Battle Hymn of the Republic"
Audio sample
Encompass of the 1863 sheet music for the "Battle Hymn of the Democracy"
Lyrics	Julia Ward Howe, 1861
Music	William Steffe, 1856; bundled by James East. Greenleaf, C. S. Hall, and C. B. Marsh, 1861

"The Battle Hymn of the Republic" equally performed by the United States Air Force Band file aid

The "Battle Hymn of the Republic", also known every bit "Mine Eyes Take Seen the Glory" outside of the Us, is a pop American patriotic song by the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe.

Howe wrote her lyrics to the music of the song "John Dark-brown's Body" in Nov 1861 and first published them in The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862. The song links the judgment of the wicked at the stop of the historic period (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63:ane–6 and Revelation 14:xiv–xix) with the American Ceremonious State of war.

History [edit]

Oh! Brothers [edit]

The "Glory, Hallelujah" melody was a folk hymn developed in the oral hymn tradition of camp meetings in the southern United States and get-go documented in the early 1800s. In the first known version, "Canaan's Happy Shore," the text includes the verse "Oh! Brothers volition you run across me (three×)/On Canaan's happy shore?"^[1] ^: 21 and chorus "There we'll shout and requite Him celebrity (3×)/For glory is His own."^[two] This developed into the familiar "Glory, celebrity, hallelujah" chorus by the 1850s. The tune and variants of these words spread across both the southern and northern United States.^[3]

As the "John Brown's Body" song [edit]

At a flag-raising ceremony at Fort Warren, most Boston, Massachusetts, on Dominicus, May 12, 1861, the vocal "John Brown's Torso", using the well known "Oh! Brothers" melody and the "Glory, Hallelujah" chorus, was publicly played "possibly for the commencement time". The American Civil War had begun the previous month.

In 1890, George Kimball wrote his business relationship of how the 2nd Infantry Battalion of the Massachusetts militia, known as the "Tiger" Battalion, collectively worked out the lyrics to "John Brownish's Body." Kimball wrote:

We had a jovial Scotchman in the battalion, named John Brownish. ... [A]nd every bit he happened to bear the identical proper noun of the old hero of Harper's Ferry, he became at once the butt of his comrades. If he made his appearance a few minutes tardily among the working squad, or was a little tardy in falling into the company line, he was sure to exist greeted with such expressions as "Come up, former fellow, you lot ought to be at it if you are going to help u.s.a. complimentary the slaves," or, "This tin't be John Chocolate-brown—why, John Chocolate-brown is dead." And so some wag would add together, in a solemn, drawling tone, as if it were his purpose to give item emphasis to the fact that John Brownish was really, really dead: "Aye, yes, poor old John Brown is dead; his body lies mouldering in the grave."^[4]

According to Kimball, these sayings became by-words amidst the soldiers and, in a communal effort — similar in many means to the spontaneous composition of camp meeting songs described above — were gradually put to the tune of "Say, Brothers":

Finally ditties equanimous of the most nonsensical, doggerel rhymes, setting for the fact that John Brown was dead and that his body was undergoing the process of decomposition, began to be sung to the music of the hymn higher up given. These ditties underwent various ramifications, until eventually the lines were reached,—

"John Brown'due south body lies a-mouldering in the grave,
His soul's marching on."

And,—

"He'due south gone to be a soldier in the army of the Lord,
His soul's marching on."

These lines seemed to requite general satisfaction, the thought that Brown'south soul was "marching on" receiving recognition at in one case as having a germ of inspiration in it. They were sung over and over again with a great deal of gusto, the "Glory, hallelujah" chorus being always added.^[4]

Some leaders of the battalion, feeling the words were coarse and irreverent, tried to urge the adoption of more fitting lyrics, but to no avail. The lyrics were soon prepared for publication by members of the battalion, together with publisher C. S. Hall. They selected and polished verses they felt appropriate, and may fifty-fifty accept enlisted the services of a local poet to help polish and create verses.^[5]

The official histories of the one-time First Artillery and of the 55th Artillery (1918) too record the Tiger Battalion'south function in creating the John Brown Song, confirming the general thrust of Kimball'due south version with a few additional details.^[6] ^[vii]

Creation of the "Boxing Hymn" [edit]

Kimball's battalion was dispatched to Murray, Kentucky, early in the Civil War, and Julia Ward Howe heard this song during a public review of the troops outside Washington, D.C., on Upton Loma, Virginia. Rufus R. Dawes, then in command of Visitor "K" of the 6th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, stated in his memoirs that the man who started the singing was Sergeant John Ticknor of his visitor. Howe'southward companion at the review, the Reverend James Freeman Clarke,^[8] suggested to Howe that she write new words for the fighting men's song. Staying at the Willard Hotel in Washington on the nighttime of November 18, 1861, Howe wrote the verses to the "Boxing Hymn of the Republic."^[ix] Of the writing of the lyrics, Howe remembered:

I went to bed that nighttime as usual, and slept, according to my wont, quite soundly. I awoke in the grey of the morn twilight; and every bit I lay waiting for the dawn, the long lines of the desired poem began to twine themselves in my mind. Having thought out all the stanzas, I said to myself, "I must get up and write these verses downwards, lest I fall asleep once again and forget them." And so, with a sudden effort, I sprang out of bed, and establish in the dimness an old stump of a pencil which I remembered to have used the mean solar day before. I scrawled the verses almost without looking at the newspaper.^[10]

Howe'due south "Battle Hymn of the Republic" was first published on the front folio of The Atlantic Monthly of February 1862. The sixth poesy written by Howe, which is less commonly sung, was not published at that time. The song was also published every bit a broadside in 1863 by the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments in Philadelphia.

Both "John Brown" and "Battle Hymn of the Republic" were published in Father Kemp'south Old Folks Concert Tunes in 1874 and reprinted in 1889. Both songs had the aforementioned Chorus with an boosted "Glory" in the second line: "Glory! Celebrity! Glory! Hallelujah!"^[11]

Julia Ward Howe was married to Samuel Gridley Howe, the famed scholar in education of the bullheaded. Samuel and Julia were also active leaders in anti-slavery politics and strong supporters of the Spousal relationship. Samuel Howe was a member of the Secret Six, the grouping who funded John Brownish's work.^[12]

Score [edit]

"Canaan'south Happy Shore" has a verse and chorus of equal metrical length and both poetry and chorus share an identical tune and rhythm. "John Brown'south Trunk" has more than syllables in its verse and uses a more rhythmically active variation of the "Canaan" melody to arrange the additional words in the verse. In Howe'south lyrics, the words of the verse are packed into a nonetheless longer line, with even more syllables than "John Chocolate-brown'due south Body." The verse notwithstanding uses the aforementioned underlying melody equally the refrain, but the addition of many dotted rhythms to the underlying melody allows for the more complex poetry to fit the same melody as the comparatively short refrain.

I version of the melody, in C major, begins as below. This is an case of the mediant-octave modal frame.

$\relative c'' { \partial 16 g16 g8. g16 g8. f16 e8. g16 c8. d16 e8. e16 e8. d16 c4 c8. c16 a8. a16 a8. b16 c8. c16 b8. a16 \partial 2. g8. a16 g8. e16 g4} \addlyrics {Mine eyes have seen the glo– ry of the com– ing of the Lord: He is tramp– ling out the vin– tage where the grapes of wrath are stored; }$

Lyrics [edit]

Howe submitted the lyrics she wrote to The Atlantic Monthly, and it was kickoff published in the February 1862 event of the mag.^[thirteen] ^[xiv]

First published version [edit]

Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord;
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:
His truth is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

I have seen Him in the sentry-fires of a hundred circling camps,
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps;
I can read His righteous sentence past the dim and flaring lamps:
His day is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

I have read a fiery gospel writ in burnished rows of steel:
"Every bit ye deal with my contemners, so with you my grace shall deal";
Permit the Hero, built-in of adult female, shell the serpent with his heel,
Since God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

He has sounded along the trumpet that shall never call retreat;
He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment-seat;
Oh, exist swift, my soul, to answer Him! Be celebrating, my anxiety!
Our God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.

In the beauty of the lilies Christ was built-in across the sea,
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you lot and me.
Every bit He died to make men holy, allow us dice to make men costless,^[15]
While God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.

* Many modern recordings of the "Battle Hymn of the Democracy" employ the lyric "Equally He died to make men holy, allow united states of america alive to brand men free" equally opposed to the wartime lyric originally written past Julia Ward Howe: "allow us dice to brand men gratis."^[16]

Other versions [edit]

Howe'south original manuscript differed slightly from the published version. Most significantly, it included a final verse:

He is coming like the glory of the forenoon on the wave,
He is Wisdom to the mighty, He is Succour to the brave,
And then the world shall exist His footstool, and the soul of Time His slave,
Our God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on!

In the 1862 sheet music, the chorus always begins:

Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!
Glory! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!"^[17]

Recordings and public performances [edit]

The song is played by a U.s. Army marching band in the 1951 moving picture The Alpine Target shortly subsequently a plot to assassinate President-elect Abraham Lincoln in April 1861, is foiled. This was several months before the vocal was actually composed.
In 1953, Marian Anderson sang the song before a live telly audience of sixty meg persons, broadcast live over the NBC and CBS networks, as function of The Ford 50th Anniversary Show.
In 1960 the Mormon Tabernacle Choir won the Grammy Honor for Best Performance by a Vocal Group or Chorus. The 45 rpm single record, which was arranged and edited by Columbia Records and Cleveland disk jockey Bill Randle, was a commercial success and reached #thirteen on Billboard's Hot 100 the previous autumn. Information technology is the choir's only Height forty hit in the Hot 100.^[18]
It'due south included forth with her performance of "Nosotros Shall Overcome" on Joan Baez in Concert, Office 2, live fabric recorded during Joan Baez' concert tours of early 1963.
Judy Garland performed this song on her weekly boob tube show in Dec 1963. She originally wanted to do a dedication evidence for President John F. Kennedy upon his bump-off, only CBS would not let her, so she performed the song without being able to mention his name.^[nineteen]
At Winston Churchill's funeral January 30, 1965. Churchill's favourite hymns were sung, including the "Battle Hymn of the Republic".
Andy Williams experienced commercial success in 1968 with an a cappella version recorded at Senator Robert Kennedy'south funeral. Backed past the St. Charles Borromeo choir, his version reached #11 on the adult contemporary nautical chart and #33 on the Billboard Hot 100.^[20]
In the picture Kelly's Heroes, Oddball is playing it (in the rain) as his tanks come across up with Kelly and the remainder of the troops.
Anita Bryant performed information technology January 17, 1971, at the halftime show of Super Bowl 5.
Mormon Tabernacle Choir performed this song at the countdown parade of President Ronald Reagan on January 20, 1981.
The vocal is one of the 3 American songs included in "An American Trilogy", a 1971 song medley written and performed by country composer Mickey Newbury. Newbury's song was popularized by Elvis Presley, who included it as a showstopper in his concerts. Presley recorded and issued "An American Trilogy" several times.
The song is included on the Real Ale and Thunder Band's album At Vespers, recorded at St. Laurence's Parish Church, Downton past BBC Radio Solent, eighteen November 1984.
Stryper recorded this vocal on their 1985 album Soldiers Under Control.
It was performed in St. Paul's Cathedral on September xiv, 2001, as role of a memorial service for those lost in the September 11, 2001 attacks.^[21]
The Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir also sang this vocal at President Barack Obama's Second Presidential Inauguration Anniversary on January 21, 2013.
The Mother Bethel AME Church building Choir from Philadelphia performed this song during the opening mean solar day of the Democratic National Convention on July 25, 2016.^[22]
A U.S. military choir and band performed this song at the pre-inauguration anniversary of President-Elect Donald Trump on Jan 19, 2017, at the Lincoln Memorial.
The Naval University Glee Guild performed this vocal on September 1, 2018, at the funeral of Sen. John McCain at the Washington National Cathedral.
A cover for the 2020 video game Wasteland three performed by Joshua James was used during a key fight department and in the official launch trailer.

Influence [edit]

Popularity and widespread utilize [edit]

In the years since the Civil War, "The Battle Hymn of the Democracy" has been used oftentimes as an American patriotic song.^[23]

Cultural influences [edit]

The lyrics of "Boxing Hymn of the Republic" appear in Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'due south sermons and speeches, most notably in his speech "How Long, Non Long" from the steps of the Alabama State Capitol edifice on March 25, 1965, after the successful Selma to Montgomery march, and in his final sermon "I've Been to the Mountaintop", delivered in Memphis, Tennessee on the evening of April iii, 1968, the night before his assassination. In fact, the latter sermon, Male monarch'due south last public words, ends with the showtime lyrics of the "Battle Hymn": "Mine optics have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord."

Bishop Michael B. Curry of Due north Carolina, after his election as the starting time African American Presiding Bishop of The Episcopal Church, delivered a sermon to the Church's Full general Convention on July 3, 2015, in which the lyrics of the "Boxing Hymn" framed the message of God's love. Afterwards proclaiming "Glory, glory, hallelujah, His truth is marching on", a letter from President Barack Obama was read, congratulating Bishop Curry on his historic election.^[24] Back-scratch is known for quoting the "Battle Hymn" during his sermons.

The inscription "Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord" is written at the feet of the sculpture of the fallen soldier at the American Cemetery in Normandy, France.

The tune has played a function in many movies where patriotic music has been required, including the 1970 World War 2 war comedy Kelly's Heroes, and the 1999 sci-fi western Wild Wild West. Words from the first poesy gave John Steinbeck's wife Carol Steinbeck the title of his 1939 masterpiece The Grapes of Wrath.^[25] The title of John Updike's In the Beauty of the Lilies also came from this song, equally did Terrible Swift Sword and Never Call Retreat, two volumes in Bruce Catton's Centennial History of the Civil State of war. Terrible Swift Sword is as well the name of a board wargame simulating the Battle of Gettysburg.^[26] The vocal was used in the anime Girls und Panzer as the tune used when members of the American-inspired fictional Saunders University Loftier School are seen moving in their various M4 Sherman variants.

Words from the second terminal line of the last poesy are paraphrased in Leonard Cohen's song "Steer Your Fashion".^[27] It was originally published as a poem in the New Yorker mag.^[28] "As He died to brand men holy, allow u.s. die to make men free" becomes "As He died to brand men holy, let us dice to make things cheap".

In association with football (soccer) [edit]

The refrain "Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!" has been adopted past fans of a number of sporting teams, near notably in the English and Scottish Premier Leagues. The pop utilise of the melody by Tottenham Hotspur can be traced to September 1961 during the 1961–62 European Cup. Their first opponents in the competition were the Polish side Górnik Zabrze, and the Shine printing described the Spurs team as "no angels" due to their rough tackling. In the render leg at White Hart Lane, some fans then wore angel costumes at the match holding placards with slogans such every bit "Glory be to shining White Hart Lane", and the crowded started singing the refrain "Glory, celebrity, hallelujah" equally Spurs beat the Poles 8–1, starting the tradition at Tottenham.^[29] Information technology was released as the B-side to "Ozzie's Dream" for the 1981 Cup Final.

The theme was so picked upwardly past Hibernian, with Hector Nicol'due south release of the track "Glory, glory to the Hibees" in 1963.^[30] ^[31] "Celebrity, Glory Leeds United" was a popular chant during Leeds' 1970 FA Cup run. Manchester United fans picked it up equally "Glory, Glory Human being United" during the 1983 FA Cup Concluding. As a result of its popularity with these and other British teams, it has spread internationally and to other sporting codes. An example of its attain is its popularity with fans of the Australian Rugby League team, the S Sydney Rabbitohs (Glory, Celebrity to S Sydney) and to A-League team Perth Glory. Brighton fans celebrate their 1970s legend by singing "Mine optics have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord, he played for Brighton and Hove Albion and his name is Peter Ward, etc."

Other songs set to this melody [edit]

Some songs make use of both the melody and elements of the lyrics of "Boxing Hymn of the Republic", either in tribute or as a parody:

"Marching Song of the First Arkansas" is a Ceremonious State of war–era vocal that has a like lyrical structure to "Boxing Hymn of the Commonwealth". It has been described as "a powerful early argument of black pride, militancy, and desire for full equality, revealing the aspirations of black soldiers for Reconstruction likewise every bit anticipating the spirit of the civil rights move of the 1960s".^[32]
The tune has been used with alternative lyrics numerous times. The University of Georgia's rally song, "Glory Glory to Old Georgia", is based on the patriotic melody, and has been sung at American college football games since 1909. Other college teams as well use songs gear up to the same tune. One such is "Celebrity, Glory to Old Auburn" at Auburn University. Another is "Celebrity Colorado", traditionally played past the ring and sung later touchdowns scored by the Colorado Buffaloes. "Celebrity Colorado" has been a fight song at the University of Colorado (Boulder) for more than 1 hundred years.
In 1901 Mark Twain wrote "The Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth, Updated", with the aforementioned tune as the original, equally a annotate on the Philippine–American War. Information technology was later recorded by the Chad Mitchell Trio.
"The Called-for of the School" is a well-known parody of the vocal.^[33]
The United states Army paratrooper vocal, "Claret on the Risers", starting time sung in World War Ii, includes the lyrics "Gory, gory" in the lyrics, based on the original's "Glory, glory".
A number of terrace songs (in association football) are sung to the melody in U.k.. Most oftentimes, fans chant "Glory, Glory..." plus their team'due south proper noun: the chants have been recorded and released officially as songs past Hibernian, Tottenham, Leeds United and Manchester United. The 1994 World Cup official song "Gloryland" interpreted by Daryl Hall and the Sounds of Black has the tune of "Battle Hymn of the Republic".^[34] In Argentina the St. Alban's former Pupils Assn (Old Philomathian Gild) used the melody for its "Glory Glory Philomathians" as well. While not heard oftentimes present it is nevertheless a cherished song for the Old Philomathians.
In Australia, the well-nigh famous version of the song is used past the South Sydney Rabbitohs, an Australian rugby league club – "Celebrity Glory to S Sydney". The song mentions all the teams in the contest when the song was written, and says what Souths did to them when they played. Each verse ends with, "They habiliment the Reddish and Green".^[35]
The parody vocal "Jesus Can't Play Rugby", pop at informal sporting events, uses the traditional melody under improvised lyrics. Performances typically characteristic a call-and-response structure, wherein 1 performer proposes an agreeable reason why Jesus Christ might exist disqualified from playing rugby—e.thou. "Jesus can't play rugby 'crusade his dad will rig the game"—which is then repeated back by other participants (mirroring the repetitive construction of "John Brown'south Body"), earlier ending with the natural language-in-cheek announcement "Jesus saves, Jesus saves, Jesus saves". A chorus may characteristic the repeated call of "Gratuitous beer for all the ruggers", or, later on concluding the terminal verse, "Jesus, we're only kidding".^[36]
A protest song titled "Gloria, Gloria Labandera" (lit. "Gloria the Laundrywoman") was used by supporters of quondam Philippine president Joseph Estrada to mock Gloria Macapagal Arroyo after the latter causeless the presidency following Estrada's ouster from office, further deriving the "labandera" parallels to alleged money laundering.^[37] While Approach did not mind the nickname and went on to utilise it for her projects, the Catholic Church took umbrage to the parody lyrics and chosen information technology "obscene".^[38]

Other songs simply use the melody, i.due east. the tune of "John Brown'southward Trunk", with no lyrical connection to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic":

"Solidarity Forever", a marching song for organized labor in the 20th century.^[39]
The canticle of the American consumers' cooperative movement, "The Boxing Hymn of Cooperation", written in 1932.
The tune has been used as a marching song in the Finnish military with the words "Kalle-Kustaan muori makaa hiljaa haudassaan, ja yli haudan me marssimme näin " ("Carl Gustaf's hag lies silently in her grave, and we're marching over the grave like this").^[40]
The Finnish Ice Hockey fans can be heard singing the tune with the lyrics "Suomi tekee kohta maalin, eikä kukaan sille mitään voi" ("Finland will shortly score, and no one can do anything about it").^[41]
The Estonian song "Kalle Kusta" uses the melody as well.
The popular folk dance "Gólya" ("Stork"), known in several Hungarian-speaking communities in Transylvania (Romania), also every bit in Republic of hungary proper, is set to the same tune. The aforementioned dance is found amongst the Csángós of Moldavia with a unlike tune, under the name "Hojna"; with the Moldavian melody more often than not considered original, and the "Battle Hymn" tune a afterward adaptation.^{[ citation needed ]}
The melody is used in British plant nursery rhyme "Lilliputian Peter Rabbit".^[42]
The tune is used in French Canadian Christmas carol called "Celebrity, Alleluia", covered by Celine Dion and others.^[43]
The tune is used in the marching song of the Assam Regiment of the Indian Army: "Badluram ka Badan", or "Badluram's Body", its chorus beingness "Shabash Hallelujah" instead of "Celebrity Hallelujah". The give-and-take "Shabash" in Hindustani means "congratulations" or "well done".
The song "Belfast Brigade" using alternate lyrics is sung by the Lucky4 in support of the Irish Republican Army.
The vocal "Up Went Nelson", celebrating the destruction of Nelson's Pillar in Dublin, is sung to this tune.
The Discordian Handbook Principia Discordia has a version of the vocal called Battle Hymn of the Eristocracy.^[44] It has been recorded for instance past Aarni.^[45]
The Subiaco Football Club, in the West Australian Football League, uses the song for their team vocal. Likewise, the Casey Demons in the Victorian Football League also currently apply the song. The words accept been adjusted due to the song mainly existence written during the period of time they were called the Casey Scorpions and the Springvale Football game Club. Likewise as these ii clubs, the West Torrens Football Society used the song until 1990, when their successor guild, Woodville-W Torrens, currently utilise this song in the South Australian National Football League. The Broadbeach Cats as well employ this melody for their theme song. Clarence Kangaroos and Wanderer Eagles employ this besides.
The Brisbane Bears, before they merged with the Fitzroy Football Club, used the "Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth" in experiment way before eventually scrapping information technology in favour of the original song.
The tune is used in the well-known Dutch children's song "Lief klein konijntje". The song is nigh a cute little rabbit that has a fly on his nose.
The melody is used every bit the theme for the Japanese electronics chain Yodobashi Photographic camera.
The melody is used as a plant nursery rhyme in Japan as ともだち讃歌 ("Tomodachi Sanka").
The melody has been used as a fight song in Queen's University, named "Oil Thigh".^[46]
The melody is used equally Bataknese Christmas carol, named "Nunga Jumpang Muse Ari Pesta I", also equally Karonese Christmas ballad, named "Sendah Jumpa Kita Wari Raya Eastward" (both translated every bit: Christmas Day is Coming).^[47] ^[48]

Other settings of the text [edit]

Irish composer Ina Boyle set the text for solo soprano, mixed choir and orchestra; she completed her version in 1918.^[49]

References [edit]

^ Stauffer, John; Soskis, Benjamin (2013). The Battle Hymn of the Republic: A Biography of the Song That Marches On. Oxford Academy Printing. ISBN9780199339587.
^ Stauffer & Soskis 2013, p. 18.
^ Stauffer & Soskis 2013, pp. 26–27.
^ ^a ^b Kimball 1890, p. 372.
^ Kimball 1890, pp. 373–4.
^ Cutler, Frederick Morse (1917), The sometime First Massachusetts coast arms in state of war and peace (Google Books), Boston: Pilgrim Printing, pp. 105–half-dozen
^ Cutler, Frederick Morse (1920), The 55th artillery (CAC) in the American expeditionary forces, France, 1918 (Google Books), Worcester, MA: Democracy Press, pp. 261ff
^ Williams, Gary. Hungry Heart: The Literary Emergence of Julia Ward Howe. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1999: 208. ISBN i-55849-157-0
^ Julia Ward Howe, 1819–1910, vol. I, U Ppenn, June i, 1912, retrieved July 2, 2010 . Run into also footnote in To-Twenty-four hour period, 1885 (five.3, February), p.88
^ Howe, Julia Ward. Reminiscences: 1819–1899. Houghton, Mifflin: New York, 1899. p. 275.
^ Hall, Roger L. New England Songster. PineTree Press, 1997.
^ Reynolds, David South. "John Brown Abolitionist: The Homo Who Killed Slavery, Sparked the Civil War, and Seeded Civil Rights." Vintage Books, pp. 209–215.
^ Howe, Julia Ward (February 1862). "The Battle Hymn of the Republic". The Atlantic Monthly. 9 (52): ten. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
^ Stossel, Sage (September 2001). "The Battle Hymn of the Republic". The Atlantic Monthly . Retrieved April 26, 2015.
^ Howe, Julia Ward. Battle hymn of the republic, Washington, D.C:Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments [n.d] "Boxing hymn of the Democracy. By Mrs. Julia Ward Howe. Published past the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments". Library of Congress . Retrieved June 30, 2020.
^ "LDS Hymns #60". Hymns. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
^ 1862 sheet music https://www.loc.gov/resources/ihas.200000858.0/?sp=i
^ "Battle Hymn of the Democracy (original version)". American music preservation. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
^ Sanders, Coyne Steven (1990). Rainbow's End: The Judy Garland Testify. Zebra Books. ISBN 0-8217-3708-2 (paperback ed).
^ Williams, Andy, Battle Hymn of the Republic (chart positions), Music VF, retrieved June sixteen, 2013
^ julius923 (September 13, 2009). "Boxing Hymn of the Republic – London 2001". Archived from the original on Nov ii, 2021 – via YouTube.
^ "Superlative native leads choir opening DNC". Retrieved Jan 19, 2017.
^ "Ceremonious War Music: The Battle Hymn of the Republic". Civilwar.org. Oct 17, 1910. Archived from the original on August 16, 2012. Retrieved Baronial 5, 2012.
^ "Video: Presiding Bishop-elect Michael Curry preaches at Full general Convention Closing Eucharist". July 3, 2015.
^ DeMott, Robert (1992). Robert DeMott'due south Introduction to The Grapes of Wrath . USA: Viking Penguin. p. xviii. ISBN0-14-018640-9.
^ "Terrible Swift Sword: The Boxing of Gettysburg – Board Game". BoardGameGeek. Retrieved Baronial 5, 2012.
^ "You Want Information technology Darker" Columbia Records, released Oct. 21, 2016
^ "New Yorker". The New Yorker. {{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Cloake, Martin (December 12, 2012). "The Glory Glory Nights: The Official Story of Tottenham Hotspur in Europe".
^ "Hector Nicol with the Kelvin Country Dance Band – Glory Glory To The Hi-Bees (Hibernian Supporters Song) (Vinyl, 7", 45 RPM, Single) – Discogs". Discogs . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
^ "Hector Nicol – Discography & Songs – Discogs". Discogs . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
^ Walls, "Marching Song", Arkansas Historical Quarterly (Winter 2007), 401–402.
^ Dirda, Michael (November 6, 1988). "Where the Sidewalk Begins". The Washington Post. p. 16.
^ "Gloryland 1994 World Cup Song". YouTube. Archived from the original on November ii, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
^ "Rabbitohs Society Song". South Sydney Rabbitohs.
^ "Informationen zum Thema Shamrocks Rugby Volition Canton Rugby Chicago Rugby Manhattan Rugby". shamrockrfc.com. ^{[ dead link ]}
^ "Gloria doesn't mind 'labandera' tag". Philstar.com. Philstar Global Corp. May 5, 2001. Retrieved September eighteen, 2020.
^ Vanzi, Sol Jose. "PHNE: Business and Economy". www.newsflash.org. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
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Sources [edit]

Kimball, George (1890), "Origin of the John Brown Song", The New England Magazine, new, Cornell University, 1 .

External links [edit]

Sheet music [edit]

Free sheet music of The Battle Hymn of the Republic from Cantorion.org
1917 Sheet Music at Duke University as part of the American Memory collection of the Library of Congress
The Battle Hymn of the Republic. Facsimile of first typhoon

Audio [edit]

"The Battle Hymn of the Democracy", Stevenson & Stanley (Edison Amberol 79, 1908)—Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project.
MIDI for The Battle Hymn of the Republic from Project Gutenberg
The Battle Hymn of the Republic sung at Washington National Cathedral, mourning the September 11, 2001 attacks.
The short film A NATION SINGS (1963) is available for free download at the Net Archive.

robertsaffeard.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic